天边外
出版社:漓江出版社
出版日期:1984-11
ISBN:SH10256-107
作者:[美国] 尤金·奥尼尔
页数:601页
发布书评
精彩书评 (总计7条)
-
“五月里的一天，静悄悄的黄昏刚刚开始。天边的小山上还镶着一道红边，山顶上的天空闪耀着红霞。……他阖上书，把一个手指头插在刚读过的地方，转过头朝着天边，目光透过田野小山眺望出去，他的嘴唇微微张动，好像暗自背诵什么。”——尤金·奥尼尔最近的我，状态一直不好，不顺心的事情接二连三地发生，当然也可能是自己的状态，所以把一切都想得十分混乱。于是，整天宅在家里，不想出门，不想见朋友，倒像是一片愁云惨淡。其实细细想来，无非是生活暂时脱了轨，没有按照自己希望的方向不断地行进。很多人觉得我是个自信的人，其实远非如此。我不过是一个找不到定点的漂流者。或者可以这样说，我曾经以为找到了定点，而事实却刚好相反。罗伯特坐在黄昏的山上，任凭目光带着思绪飞向小山后面广阔的世界，那个世界在他看不见的地方，可是总是在他心里掀起一阵阵海浪似的波动，像是某种来自隐秘的呼唤。他应该是要离开的，去追寻那片只在自己梦想中出现过的花园。当爱情发生的时候，实在不能说是一件全然的好事，因为当你的胸中涌动的不仅是一股冲动的时候，它们彼此之间就成了相互的制约。在那么一瞬间，一股冲动战胜了另一股冲动，人似乎觉得自己统一了，是一个完人，但大多数都忘记了，被打败并不等同于消失，它会蛰伏在一个黑暗的角落，当夜深人静的时候一点一点蚕食这个“完人”的灵魂。“罗伯特坐在大石头上，双手托着下巴，向着海上的天边眺望。他的表情苍白憔悴，他的神情极度沮丧。”——尤金·奥尼尔天边外的世界，不会因为我们面朝土地就慢慢消失，就像海浪周而复始，完全不在意人的眼光。于整个世界来说，人不过是一瞬间的存在，个体的生命完全无足轻重。曾经以为的，足以为之牺牲的东西如今看来已完全失去往日的光彩，变得像一块油腻的抹布，让人十足地厌恶。它不再是驱使我们停下脚步的动力，而成为阻碍我们前进的屏障。在这一方小小的土地上，我们被困住了，困在一个日复一日年复一年不断重复又无法控制的牢笼。花园的花朵凋谢了，仅留下垂死的蜜蜂在干燥的土地上无力地挣扎，它的翅膀发出的时断时续的嗡嗡声提醒着人，这里曾经是一片花园。“罗伯特从左边摇摇晃晃走上，没有气力。他跌进沟里，躺了片刻；随后费力地爬到可以看见日出的堤岸上，虚弱地倒了下去。”“你没有看见，我最后得到幸福了——自由了——自由了！从农庄的土地中解放出来，自由地去漫游，永远漫游下去。瞧！小山外面不是很美吗？我能听见从前的声音呼唤我去——这一次我要走了。那不是终点，而是自由的开始——我的航行的起点——到天边外去！”——尤金·奥尼尔 我时常在犹豫，是否应该抬起脚继续寻找下去，直到找到能让我定下的那个点。但我却时时为这样那样的事情这种那种的感情所羁绊，难以迈出真正有用的步子。然而我却不愿意自己的生命最终淹没在对自由和希望的渴求中，更不愿意那个美丽的花园变成一个纯粹的梦幻。可是我又凭什么来确定这究竟是不是梦幻，伸出手，抓住一把温暖的云彩，然后看着微醺的雾气从指缝间溜走。追寻、追寻，这本就是人类最终的宿命。可是谁来告诉了，追寻的终点有什么。“只要给我花园和图书馆，我就不会迷路。”西塞罗如是说。看。几千年前的生活，多么简单。“她的头脑已经沉入麻木之中，再也不会受到任何希望的干扰了。”——尤金·奥尼尔 -
看完了《天边外》，不知道为什么，不由自主地想起了《边城》。如此的相似，都以悲剧结尾。两个女人的悲惨命运，到底改由谁来负责？说实话，我不怎么同情Ruth， 觉得她也不是那么的喜欢Andrew， 她爱的是Robert。当初Robert在离开前向她表白的时候，她立即表面她爱的是Robert而不是Andrew。而且，家中日益败落，她并没有把家中收拾得井井有条，却天天不忘给他做饭，尽管他从来不按时吃饭，还一直为他热着直到他回来。这不是爱吗？后来她天天抱怨Robert无能，说他什么都做不了，她爱的是Andrew。其实，她只是受不了生活的折磨。Robert不适合在经营农场，他整天生活在自己的梦和憧憬中，想象着海上的日子是怎样的美好。而Ruth的唠叨和抱怨让他更是难受。Ruth对Andrew并不是爱，而是把他当做她苦难的终结者，希望她能给她带来幸福生活。如果Andrew在短时期内没有把农场经营好，Ruth会不会像对Robert那样对待他呢？我想是很有可能的，这也注定造成她自己的悲剧。对于《边城》里的翠翠，一点都不去主动追求自己的幸福，即使傩送主动表示，她也无动于衷，甚至躲避他，为什么呢？天保的死又不是翠翠祖孙造成的，船总顺顺为什么那么在意？我不明白。几个人的悲剧，皆因兄弟俩共同爱上同一个女人引起，没有明地里争夺，却深深牵连着几个人未来的幸福。该去责怪谁呢？“一同去生既无法聚首，一同去死当无人可以阻拦。”其实有时候，我会像翠翠一样，我想的很远，很多，可是我不知道想些什么。想起《边城》里的一句话：做梦一辈子更好。 -
大学时读的，一点小感想吧。A tall, slender young man of twenty-three, a touch of the poet him expressed in his high forehead and wide, dark eyes. His feature are delicate and refined, leading to the weakness to the mouth and chin.(O’Neill,10)That is Robert Mayo, who’s reading a book by the fading sunset light, comes into view.Sunset of a day in spring, a diagonal road that can be seen in the distance widing towards the horizon. That is really a peaceful sight with a poetic boy.And Ruth, a girl of twenty, who is at her age of dreaming of romance, falls in love with Robert Mayo. Actually, she falls in love with Robert’s poetic nature rather than he himself. As a result, the misunderstanding or incomprehension of Ruth herself leads her into the permanent tragedy.This tragedy rises its curtain with Robert’s “one other” reason for his going with Captain Dick Scott ---He loves Ruth. And obviously, Ruth loves him, too. So she asks Robert not to go and stay with her. When Robert tries to persuade her to go with him, she is afraid. Though Robert described a wonderful picture---I could actually hear them calling him in soft whispers to hide-and-seek to find out where the sun was hiding himself. They sang their little songs to me, songs that told all of the wonderful things they had in their home on the other side of the hills; and they promised to show me all of them, if I’d only come, come! (19)---Ruth’s afraid. No sooner than they got married did the unreality of Ruth appear. What she loves is just the poetic nature of Robert , but not his poetic dream and characteristic. Instead, she is afraid of it for she cannot join in it. It is like the story of Lord Ye professed to love dragons in China. There is a beautiful picture in her mind but when it could come true, she feels afraid of it. So that is the first time that the gap between dream and reality appears. Ruth prevent Robert from going by the reason of his loving her, and yes, he stays, but the gap stays still. Robert’s eye’s still fixed on the horizon even when he half turns to follow Ruth.The tragedy revealed it’s veil during the five years since Ruth and Robert got married. At the beginning of act two, scene one, the room appears with little significant details that give evidence of carelessness and inefficiency. The furniture show brokenness and shabby; there are holes on the curtains; one arm of Mary’s toll has gone and is through under the table. We can imagine that people who love their family could absolutely not keep it like this. Instead, they will clean the windows and tables, to keep there home clean, tide and warm. Even when May says she want her Dolly, Ruth just irritably pulls her beak and says“ It’s time for your nap. You can’t play with Dolly now. ” (41) She is impatient with Mary and the same with Robert. When Robert plays with Mary, she stops him in annoyance. The used love between them has gone away. Why? Perhaps we can attribute all of these into the unsuccessful management of the farm by Robert.After the death of James Mayo, the farm deteriorate . Robert is obviously not born to be a farmer. As Mrs. Atkin’s says, maybe he works hard, but it doesn’t accomplish anything. The farm has been going from bad to worse, and Robert can’t get money from any other way except to mortgage the far for he cannot pull through ‘til harvest without it .As a result of Robert’s poor management, Ruth could not meet her basic material need, and she feels that she can’t help to not loving Robert any more when she is working in a hot kitchen in hunger. Life is not poetry, Ruth need a steady life and that reminds her Andrew. She turns to Andy for she can’t get all she want from the life of being Robert’s wife and being accompany with his spiritual joy. Ruth realizes that Robert is not her real love and that committed a blunder in measuring her feeling for the two brothers hence she waits for Andrew to return from beyond the horizon where her treasure of happiness would be his knapsack. The play is like a fugue, developing with variations the theme of the suspension of life between opposites. We feel the balancing pull not only between reality and idealism, but also between the earthy and the spiritual joy and sorrow, love and hate, hope and despair.She goes to Andy’s letter again after letting Mary go to bed---yes, she has read it several times---and her movements indicate a guilty fear of discovery. An because of Andy, we see the first time Robert and his wife quarreled and Ruth shows her regret of marrying with Robert in a fierce way. And it is the first time that Ruth speaks out her consciousness of her love in the dream is unreality. She wants Robert to go she will be glad to get rid of him. In front of Robert’s angry face, she repeats or declares her true opinion “Yes, I do mean it. I’d say if you was to kill me! I do love Andy. I do ! I do! I always loved him. And he loves me! He loves me! I know he does. He always did! And you know he did, too! So go! Go if you want to!” The above dialogue not only focuses verbal rivalry but also asserts Ruth's newly discovered truth of having really loved Andy and that her love for her husband was infatuation. This is the first stage of the breaking of Ruth’s dream and then follows the second.Ruth's illusion that the farm will look natural with Andy's brilliance and technology on one hand disheartens Robert who passively accepts domestic alienation, where as, Ruth looses herself in the world of fantasy with Andy as a magician. The conflict widens to polar extremities. When Andy tells her he doesn’t love her or in some extent, he never falls in love with her, and he would go again. Life is continue. The withdrawal in the case of Ruth as well as Robert is their attempt to resolve conflict by moving away from the people. But it is a matter of whether they could find the exit of the confusion between the dream and the real world rather than whether to live with people or the farm.Life is not easy. Robert has gone, leaving Ruth alone in the world. All the things she suffered corners her to desperate and lifeless. She has no feeling and no sense of love.CONCLUSIONRuth has suffered—and for your own sake and hers—remember, Andy—only through sacrifice—the secret beyond there—— The sun! Remember!Through the study of Ruth, we can see that she’s not clearly know what she want and what she need. Her behavior is much like Scarlett O'Hara in the novel Gone with the Wind.Ashley Wilkes, who she loves is just a portrait that she paint by herself. It’s the same with Ruth, too much idealism illusion at last make herself desperate and all the tragedy is made by her own.
精彩短评 (总计50条)
-
真不是每个人都有智慧去判断什么是适合自己的，更少有人有勇气去承认错误并且从头来过，极少有人可以拒绝带给自己利益的有害之物——它伪装得完美。 -
很多故事都是这么发生的，一个玩笑的开始以为不会有后来，但后来却接踵而至，不受你掌控。有些人，光是遇见，就已经赚了。
有些人的出现，只为了惊艳时光，不负责陪你到永远，但她教会了你爱，让你明白原来有的爱情，有的人，真的值得你赴汤蹈火，拿命去换。 -
大师就是大师！ -
悲剧的家庭 -
触目惊心。严肃执着。 -
1936 毛猿。长日入夜行 -
读人物 -
两个人过着彼此想要的生活，交错的人生带来的是谁都没有犯错的悲剧，不能责怪任何人，不能憎恨爱情。 -
奥尼尔以表现主义著称，但这个选本里几乎都是较为传统的现实主义手法剧作。凭这几个本子很难认清奥尼尔的真面目 -
4.14-4.26 -
林中路 -
穿过黑夜的漫长旅程。。。特别喜欢这个名字 -
《琼斯皇》剧被恐怖的梦魇追逐，《上帝的儿女都有翅膀》悲观的揭示了阳光下从来没有公正与平等，对黑人来说尤其如此，从奥赛罗到杰姆并非是种族歧视毒瘤的再度复发，事实上它根本未曾削弱。奥尼尔剧里平凡百姓的深度痛苦恐惧体验是美国旧式乐观派的反拨，更确切地说是将理想主义的天边外拉近到生活当中，戳破现实虚假的美好。 -
结局悲死 -
“那种在实际生活中即使一败涂地还始终如一地保持幻想、憧憬的人，才是真正的幸运儿。” -
梦想与现实 -
生活在别处。 -
只有100页的3幕剧，奥尼尔的成名作，也是他前几年的写作经验的结晶。
后感：可怜之人必有可恨之处，心比天高，却不脚踏实地，将境况归咎给自己的妻子、天气，而不是自己，只会蹉跎一生。 -
你想到达的，是早就有人到达过的未来。 -
真想走的人不会彷徨，真想留的人亦不会神伤，去与留哪有对错，全看内心所向，求仁得仁。离开北京的时候真应该读读这一本的。 -
1. 我们会因为一些事屈服于现实，暂时放弃自己的梦想。这些事可能是爱情，也可能是金钱等等。但是要记住，屈服是暂时的，是为了更好的，更有资格的完成自己的梦想。唯有如此，才可以不忘记本心，被现实变成一个不认识的自己。
2. 要有勇气， 要给自己充分的理由有勇气追逐梦想。这些理由包括对梦想狂热的爱，对实现梦想的渴望，还有对追逐梦想直至实现的信心。
3. 最重要的，要记住，在任何时候，都给自己最好的生活。在屈服于现实时，把现实的事做好，拿到想要的金钱，权利和其他等等有助于你完成梦想的东西。然后挥刀斩断枷锁，完成梦想。
-
读过最好的剧本。找到榜样了。 -
补记 -
something make me upset . -
人在命运面前的无能 -
错位的人生，宿命论的悲剧，《天边外》是自然主义，因为罗伯特和安朱的命运其实是由遗传决定的，因为罗伯特更像他当教师的母亲而安朱更像农场主父亲；也可以说这剧是象征主义的，因为其中苹果树、道路、日出、室内室外的场景转换都充满了象征主义色彩；甚至可以说这部剧的基调是现实主义。 -
童话的后来。 -
多么嘲讽的现实。 -
“爲了今天的瘋狂，明天的沉默、勝利或失望，昨天早把一切準備停當”“喝吧!因為你不知道你從何而來，為何而來。喝吧!因為你不知道你為何而去，去向何方!” -
道理我竟然不懂系列 -
牛的把赵氏孤儿那种臭翔神马的都秒成渣渣！ -
年少時太過於懵懂，以為獲得了所謂的愛情，以為失去了所謂的愛情，放棄了夢想，離開了家鄉，最終在病痛之中行將朽木之時，才發覺天邊外的世界是如此的珍貴，在陸續失去至親至愛之人丟失靈魂之際才發現天邊外的世界不如腳下的一畝三分地更能實現人生的價值！ -
至少罗伯特还有最后的勇气 -
看出了兄弟基情怎么办… -
场景设计都有某种意义上的隐喻 -
露丝最后的呆滞麻木好可怕，再次哭到泪眼模糊。今年真的好爱奥尼尔。 -
我们最好成为命运要求我们成为的人，即使因此放弃了爱情、家庭、生活，都并不算太悲惨。 -
理想使他不同，理想杀死了他。 -
我觉得我非走不可，好像那里有什么东西正在叫我。 -
读的英文版，有些不懂得地方所以看得不是很细，但这样的结局实在是……，该说他们当年年轻气盛太冲动还是太不了解自己呢？太悲哀啦 -
那些不得不做的事情，更多的只是为了不被原地囚禁。现实和理想的差距，总有被迫着去逃离。 -
读来平平淡淡，但是却不住的揪心。如果当年去天边外的是罗伯特，会怎样？ -
冲突非常夸张化，让人物间的关系、生存状态都有点失真。私以为这样的故事更适合小说而不是戏剧。背景的设置（海边被群山隔断的村庄）也像是虚拟的，充满表现主义色彩。 -
长篇大论在微博已经说过了，五星。 -
唉 不要高估人生 -
不愧为诺贝尔文学奖，巧妙的构思，深刻的思考 -
苦难者的幻梦 -
用我妈的话说「看完这个故事感觉生活太绝望了。」 -
没有《毛猿》，除了《啊！荒野》其他都很好。 -
感动了 所以说想走的人千万别为任何人而留嘛