王士元语音学论文集

作者简介

《王士元语音学论文集》收入王士元先生论文37篇，集中于语音学及相关领域研究，分为六个部分：语音学研究(14篇)、语音信息量研究(2篇)、音系学研究(3篇)、词汇扩散理论(11篇)、语言演变模型研究(2篇)、语音合成和识别研究(5篇)。本文集基本涵盖了王士元先生在语音学及相关领域的研究成果，其中，“词汇扩散理论”是王士元先生对世界语言学理论的重要贡献，相关论文全部收入。

书籍目录

编者导言

Segmentation Techniques in Speech Synthesis

Segment Inventory for Speech Synthesis

Transition and Release as Perceptual Cues for Final Plosives

Frequency Studies of English Consonants

Intrinsic Cues and Consonant Perception

The Perception of Stops after s

Phonological Features of Tone

The Measurement of Functional Load

Tone 3 in Pekinese

Vowel Features, Paired Variables, and the English Vowel Shift

Perceptual Distance and the Specification of Phonological Features

Competing Changes as a Cause of Residue

Implementation of Phonological Change: The Shuang-Feng Chinese Case

Project DOC: Its Methodological Basis

Tone Change in Chao-Zhou Chinese: A Study in Lexical Diffusion

The Many Uses of F0

Why and How do We Study the Sounds of Speech?

Sound Change: Actuation and Implementation

Language Change

Perception of Sentence Boundaries With and Without Semantic Information

Psychophysical Pitch Biases Related to Vowel Quality, Intensity Difference, and Sequential Order

Use of Optical Distance Sensing to Track Tongue Motion

Language Change: A Lexical Perspective

Variation and Selection in Language Change

声调感知问题

A Note on Tone Development

Middle Chinese Tones in Modern Dialects

Closure Duration in the Classification of Stops: A Statistical Analysis

Bidirectional Diffusion in Sound Change

吴语浊塞音的研究——统计上的分析和理论上的考虑

Snowball Effect in Lexical Diffusion: The Development of-s in the

Third Person Singular Present Indicative in English

Performance of Mandarin Connected Digit Recognizer with Word Duration Modeling

Optimization Models of Sound Systems Using Genetic Algorithms

Computational Studies of Language Evolution

An Innovative Prosody Modeling Method for Chinese Speech Recognition

Tone Recognition of Continuous Cantonese Speech Based on Support Vector Machines

宏观语音学

内容概要

王士元(William S-Y.Wang)，美国加州大学伯克利分校名誉退休教授。香港中文大学伟伦研究教授。王士元先生在语音学、语言学等多个领域都有杰出贡献，并大力倡导跨学科研究；1960年以声学语音学方面的论文获得美国密歌根大学博士学位；1969年创立“词汇扩散”理论，闻名于世界语言学界。

章节摘录

　　In the synthesized sentence presented in this paper（Figs.3-5），35 of the 43 postulated phonetic units occur.It is composed of over 40 segments of tape，including one segment of silence between the two clauses.The segments are extracted from 42 different context utterances，recorded on magnetic tape.　　The context utterances were constructed so to contain the desired segments the proper sequence of phonetic units in suitable prosodic environ.ments.In recording these context utterances，care was taken to standardize the phonetic quality of the units as well as the prosodic features in which the units Occur.The utterances were recorded onto an Ampex tape recorder at 30 in.／sec.Broad band and narrow band spectrograms were made to determine the position of segmentation to insure proper matching of formants and har.monics between segments.Sometimes the formants matched at one position and the harmonics at another.In such instances，it was necessary to re.record the context utterance，changing the prosodic environment by a small amount each time until proper matching was achieved；attention was given simuhane. ously to preserving the naturalness of the speech dynamics.　　When the context utterances were completed.a visible mark Was made on the tape near each desired segment by means of a magnetized razor blade.　　This mark appears in the spectrogram as a pulse.The limits of the desired segment can then be located on the tape with the visible mark as a reference.　　These segments were spliced together and broad band and naow band spectrograms of the synthesized utterance are shown in Figs.3 and 4.The tenth harmonic on the naow band spectrogram was traced to show the relative Ditch contour.The oscillograms in Fig.5 show the resulting amplitude pattern.

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