高级英文写作教程

作者简介

本书根据国家英语专业教学大纲要求，依据现代写作理论，系统阐述了英语作文的独特结构与思想表达方式，训练学生使用适当语言撰写各类实用性交际文章，如正式信件、自我介绍、申请书演说词tf等等，集中帮助中国学生处理英文写作中的常见问题，并运用教学法循序渐进地指导学生完成1500——3000单词的作文。高层次的书面交流，不仅要求使用语法正确、句子通顺、结构完整的英语表达思想，更重要的是要从中西文化差异、思维方式差异和表达习惯差异的角度出发，学会针对不同对象和目标，运用不同的语言达到交际和沟通的目的。

书籍目录

To the StudentsUnit 1 Part 1 Letter Layout Part 2 Choosing the Right Words(1) Prat 3 Writing Process 1:Choosing a Topic Prat 4 Short Formal Essay:Stage 1Unit 2  Part 1 Enquiry  Part 2 Choosing the Right Words (2)  Part 3 Writing Process 2: Generating Ideas  Part 4 Short Formal Essay:Stage 2Unit 3Unit 4Unit 5Unit 6Unit 7 Unit 8Section Two Teachers’BookUnit 1Unit 2Unit 3Unit 4Unit 5Unit 6Unit 7 Unit 8Works Cited

前言

　　在我国正式成为世界贸易组织成员、全面准备2008年奥运会、日益融入全球化进程的今天，英语书面交际能力在对外交流中占据着越来越重要的地位。这种重要性表现在对书面交际的需求日益增加、对写作能力的要求日益提高两个方面。高层次的书面交流，不仅要求使用语法正确、句子通顺、结构完整的英语表达思想，更重要的是要从中西文化差异、思维方式差异和表达习惯差异的角度出发，学会针对不同对象和目标，运用不同的语言达到交际和沟通的目的。　　2000年4月颁布的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对本科三年级(六级)、四年级(八级)的英语写作能力提出了明确而量化的要求，还对毕业论文提出了3000—5000个英语单词的长度要求。与此同时，近年英语专业八级统测的作文题目越来越向测试学生使用英语表达创造性思维的方向发展。　　全球化发展大环境的需求和教学大纲对英语写作提出的新要求，从两个不同侧面为21世纪高级英语写作教学指明了方向。我们认为，英语专业高级写作教学的基本任务和目标，应该是帮助学生了解中西方思维、表达方式的差异，学会使用西方人更习惯因而更容易接受的方式表达思想，成功而有创造性地进行书面交流。这套教材，就是在这样的方针指导下编写完成的。　　结构和内容　　本写作教程系列中的《实用写作》和《论文写作》两个分册里，每册八个单元，分别供英语专业高年级各一个学期(每周二学时)使用，也可供非英语专业的研究生学习使用。书后配有完备的教师手册。　　每册书的开篇是写给学生的全方位指导性介绍“To the Stu—dents”。它首先对写作概念进行了定义，明确指出写作的主要目的是交流，而不是应试。这是为了在课程的起点就让学生明确课程的总体要求，改变他们在长期应试教育模式下形成的思维定式；并使他们懂得，写作需要根据不同的读者对象、交流目的使用适当层次的语言和适当类型的文种。其次，“’Fo the Students”详细介绍了写作的过程和步骤。为了使文章能够顺利达到交流目的，必须在写作过程的各个步骤上认真仔细，一丝不苟，从而改变学生在应试教育模式下形成的一挥而就，不做深入思考，不做任何修改的陋习。第三，“T0 the Students”介绍了英语书面表达的两个明显特点：开篇直奔主题、续篇紧扣主题步步展开的特点；使用各类平行结构，特别是“三组平行”结构增强文章力度的特点。这是英语表达与汉语表达重大区别的所在。掌握了这两条规律，有利于学生写出符合英语思维和行文特点的文章。第四，“To the Stu—dents”明确了本教材的主要任务：使用正式和准正式文体撰写说明性、论述性文章，阐述思维和研究发现，而不探讨文学创作的方法。同时指出，学生首先需要对自己的写作能力有信心，辅之以不断的训练和练习，才能取得进步。“To the Students”最后介绍了教材的框架结构。　　本写作教程里的每个单元由四部分组成，以任务教学法的方式分别训练学生的语言技能、实用交际文种、学术论文写作基本方法等，并紧扣《教学大纲》对六级、八级的写作要求，分不同步，骤训练学生撰写各种正式文种和1500—3000英语单词的小论文，提高学生使用英语的能力，为写好毕业论文奠定坚实的基础。　　……

章节摘录

　　They were two brothers from the heart of America with a vision as sweeping as the sky， and a practicality as down-to- earth as the bicycle shop they worked in. I ve been to Kitty Hawk and seen the places where the Wright brothers imagined　　the future， and then literally flew across its high frontier. Itwas an inspiration to be there and to soak up the incredible perseverance and creativity of these two men.　　It was a lonely quest for the two of them in their garage behind the shop，　plotting to defy gravity and conquer the wind. Wilbur Wright said， "For some years I have been af- flicted with the belief that flight is possible to man." That　　kind of world-changing belief is a restless dream that drives you on to solve a problem， find the breakthrough. A force that drives you to bet everything on a fragile wing or a new idea.　　The Wright brothers were the first to build a wind tunnel and empirically measure how to use the wind to lift the plane into the sky. They were the first to discover that a long， nar row wing shape was the ideal architecture of flight. They fig- ured out how to move the vehicle freely， not just across land，　　but up and down on a cushion of air. They reasoned out that apropeller wasnt just a flat blade， but it had to have rounded edges and， in effect， become a rotating wing.　　There were countless bicycle shops in turn-of-the-century America， but only one where two brothers with their unher- alded persistent experimentation added wings to their wheels. By doing this， they transformed life itself. They brought fa-milies together. Once， when a child or other close relatives left the old country for America，　family and friends sat in mourning for someone they would never see again. Today， the grandchild of that immigrant can return again and again across a vast ocean in just half a turn of the clock.　　They were laughed at， but they never lost faith. The ge- nius of Leonardo da Vinci dreamed of a flying machine， but it took these two bicycle mechanics to create it. Undaunted by their first effort that literally fell apart，　they persevered for years until the first working machine flew for a mere 300 feet，　　less than the wingspan of a 747. The lifting of those wings on that day lifted us all to new heights of freedom， giving us all access to places we could never reach before.　　They gave us a tool， but it was up to individuals and na- tions to put it to good use， and use it we have. The airplane revolutionized both peace and war. The Wright brothers cre- ated the single greatest cultural force since the invention of writing，　for their invention became the first World Wide Web， bringing people， languages， ideas， and values together. They were the first true globalizers as flight paths became the first superhighways of a new international economy.　　The Wright brothers，　and their invention，　made the world smaller， and brought its people closer together. It was　not luck or accident but vision， quiet resolve， and the applica- tion of the scientific method that let Orville and Wilbur　Wright lift up the human race. Their example reminds us that　genius does not have a pedigree， that you do not discover newworlds by plying safe， ventional waters.　　Now， at the beginning of another century， who knows where we will find the new Wright brothers， what grade of school they are in， or what garage they re inventing in. Our mission is to make sure that wherever they are， they have the　　chance to run their own course， to persevere and follow their own inspiration.　We have to understand that engineering breakthroughs are not just mechanical or scientific， they are liberating forces that can continually improve peoples lives. Who would have thought that as this century opened that one of the greatest contributions would come from two obscure， fresh-faced young Americans who pursued the utmost bounds of human thought， and gave us all， for the first time， the　　power to literally sail beyond the sunset， soaring on the air.　　The 20th Century has been the American Century in large part because of great inventors like the Wright brothers. May we follow their flight paths and blaze our own.　　Let Us Make a Vow to the Dead　　Ronald Reagan　　Pointe du Hoe， Normandy　　6 June 1984　　We are here to mark that day in history when the Allied peoples joined in battle to reclaim this continent to liberty.　　……

图书封面

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