唐代地方武官研究

作者简介

唐代上承魏晉南北朝之餘緒，下開有宋一代之新局，具有鮮明的時代特色。這在地方武官制度方面同樣有所體現。唐前後期地方武官制度變化劇烈，前期地方武官主要集中在都督府和都護府下的軍、守捉、城、鎮、戍等機構。唐玄宗時期節度使制度確立後，特別是安史之亂後，湧現了大量的軍事使職，以節度使為代表的地方武官成為當時武官制度的主體，唐代社會的面貌也為之一變。本書以問題為綱，選取了幾個學界研究比較薄弱的問題加以探討。共分七章，分別是：唐代武官及文武之變；唐代州郡地方武官；唐代藩鎮儲帥制度；唐後期藩鎮武職僚佐的遷轉流動；唐代行營體制下的地方武官；唐代地方武官的世襲問題；唐代地方武官與唐宋歷史變革。

本書在傳統文獻的基礎上，充分利用碑刻墓誌資料，力圖將唐代至宋初進行長時段考察，揭示唐後期在舊制度被打破，新制度尚未定型時期各種錯綜複雜的現象。除了常態的制度外，那些非常態的制度（確切一點來說應稱之為規則、故事）也在本人考察範圍之內，例如藩鎮儲帥制度、戰時體制下行營武官等。另外，本書試圖將地方武官作為鮮活個體給予社會學層面的關注，探討他們在地方、中央間的遷轉流動。努力將研究動態化、立體化，而不止於簡單的制度復原。

书籍目录

緒論············································································1

一、選題意義·································································1

二、唐代武官研究綜述·················································2

三、論文主要內容·······················································17

第一章 唐代武官及文武之變··································· 23

第一節唐代武官的範疇···········································23

第二節 唐代武官和文官的關係·······························27

一、唐前期的文武關係·······································27

二、安史之亂後的文武關係································32

第二章 唐代州郡地方武官······································· 41

第一節唐前期地方州郡武官···································42

第二節 唐後期州郡武官···········································51

一、支郡刺史辟署權的獲得································52

二、軍鎮武官系統的變化···································56

三、屬州留後的出現···········································63

小結 ··············································································69

第三章 唐代藩鎮儲帥制度──節度使的選任制度· 71

第一節「順地」的藩鎮僚屬儲帥制··························73

第二節 河朔藩鎮世襲性的副大使制度····················87

小結 ··············································································94

第四章 唐後期藩鎮武職僚佐的遷轉······················· 95

第一節藩鎮與中央間武職僚佐的遷轉····················97

一、「順地」藩鎮與中央間武職僚佐的遷轉····100

二、河朔三鎮等割據型藩鎮與中央間武職僚

佐的遷轉····················································· 114

第二節 藩鎮之間武職僚佐的遷轉··························122

一、武職僚佐遷轉的類型·································122

二、武職僚佐選擇藩鎮的原則··························137

三、武職僚佐在藩鎮間的遷轉··························144

第三節 複合型藩鎮內部的武職僚佐遷轉──

以幽州鎮為中心·········································150

一、二元體制的歷史淵源·································152

二、二元體制下武職僚佐的遷轉情況··············155

小結 ············································································160

第五章唐代行營體制下的地方武官····················· 163

第一節從行軍到行營的轉變·································163

一、唐代行營出現時間考辯······························165

二、行營與行軍的區別和聯繫··························166

第二節 藩鎮行營的統帥·········································168

一、行營節度使·················································169

二、行營元帥·····················································171

三、行營都統·····················································177

四、行營招討使·················································183

第三節 藩鎮行營的軍將·········································187

一、藩鎮行營軍將的設置·································188

二、行營軍將與本鎮的關係及其遷轉··············191

小結 ············································································194

第六章 唐代地方武官的世襲問題──以將門為

中心的考察················································ 195

第一節科舉制度背景下的將門·····························196

第二節 節度使制度與唐代將門·····························207

一、親屬隨軍制度與將門·································207

二、朝廷和藩鎮在地方武官任用上很重視將

門背景·························································210

三、將門選將的利弊得失·································212

第三節 唐代將門分佈的區域性·····························214

一、河北·····························································215

二、河南·····························································219

小結 ············································································223

第七章 唐代地方武官制度與唐宋歷史變革 ········· 225

第一節唐後期地方武官制度的中央化··················225

第二節 唐後期地方武官制度與唐宋歷史變革······231

小結 ············································································ 233

附表一唐後期武職僚佐遷轉統計總表 ················· 235

附表二唐後期武職僚佐入朝擔任朝官統計表 ····· 249

附表三唐後期將門統計表····································· 253

參考文獻···································································· 259

後記········································································ 269

内容概要

馮金忠，男，1973 年生，河北藁城人，史學博士，河北省社會科學院歷史研究所副研究員。1998 年於陝西師範大學歷史系獲學士學位，2001 年於河北師範大學歷史系獲碩士學位，2006年於北京師範大學歷史系獲博士學位，師從於黎虎先生。研究方向為隋唐史和河北區域史。在《中國史研究》、《文史》、《中國農史》、《中國邊疆史地研究》、《文獻》等刊物發表論文三十餘篇，著有《燕趙佛教》（中國社會科學出版社，2009 年）等。

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