都柏林人
出版社:上海译文出版社
出版日期:1984-01-01
ISBN:SH10188-494
作者:[爱尔兰]詹姆斯·乔伊斯
页数:263页
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精彩书评 (总计4条)
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和许多准备阅读乔伊斯著名短篇小说集《都柏林人》[Dubliners] 的人一样，我的首选是《阿拉比》(Araby)。摄氏33度闷热的晨，在冷气充溢的KFC的角落，一口气读完了《阿拉比》原版。很自然地就想说点什么。小说鉴赏一般都可以从叙事视角、背景氛围、情节结构、人物塑造以及主题思想等多方面展开，这属于专业文学批评的范畴。学术是很严肃的事情，当然这也带来一个弊端，过分脱离群众。脑袋里带有太多的这个主题，那个主义对普通欣赏者来说会令他们患得患失，从而被剥夺很多感性的体验。因此，只要不是学术分析，我们为什么不在一个阳光的午后，呷一杯咖啡，随性所致地重拾纯粹的阅读乐趣呢？而《阿拉比》必定会轻展双翼带你重回那个纯真年代…… 简单地说，《阿拉比》描写的是一个男孩青春期的爱情幻想曲，他经历了守候、希望到绝望的过程。看上去挺美，最终却是海市蜃楼。出于青春期的躁动，男孩迷上了曼根的姐姐，喜欢打量着她，Her dress swung as she moved her body and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side. 那个舞动的精灵！想起在川外读书的时候领教了重庆一个俗语，打望。嘿嘿，外籍交流学生什么四川话都不会，唯独对这个情有独钟。打望到了一个什么程度呢？特别是在吃中午饭的时候，男生寝室由于正对去食堂的必经之路，几乎所有男舍都有"自愿者"站在阳台上，彼此会心地微笑，看女生飘过的身影；更有甚者，大声地喊出某女生的芳名，女生当然不会回应，不过我知道她们心里其实很受用，还有人拿出了高倍望远镜! 打望显然太初级了。对于男孩来说，When she came out…my heart leaped. I kept her brown figure always in my eye. …But my body was like a harp and her words and gestures were like fingers running upon the wires. …Her image accompanied me even in places the most hostile to romance. … My eyes were often full of tears (I couldn’t tell why) and at times a flood from my heart seemed to pour itself out into my bosom. 这种感觉叫"漫山遍野"，everytime and everywhere. 高中时，不可救药地喜欢上了一个外班的女孩。为了接近她，又怕她知道，于是故意将自行车停在她的旁边，放学回家便能自然而然地打一个照面。为了在高三的最后一个元旦节送出对她的祝福(也可以说是变相的表白)，我竟然"策划"了两周之久！不过计划还是失败了，停车棚人太多了，终于鼓起全部的勇气尾随她和同学晚自习回家，那路好长，那时间仿佛凝固，那颗心快要跳出来了。在只剩她一个人拐进小巷时，我骑车超过，轻呼她的名字，她回眸的一霎那，这个世界已经停止转动，而我竟然忘掉了背得滚瓜烂熟的心声，紧张地连简单的Happy New Year都不会了! 此后的第十天，十二月二十八日，我收到了她送给我的贺年卡，或许你不相信，一个人的时候我激动得都快哭了，哦，青春！而男孩说道，All my senses seemed to desire to veil themselves and, feeling that i was about to slip from them, I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring,"O, love!O love!" 少年的爱慕虽然幼稚，但内心深处编织起一个充满理想和激情的梦，可以稀释浑浊的现实世界，抵御其对人的侵蚀作用，感官与外界隔绝，只有护身符一样的梦才能突破重围。这爱慕的力量似乎演变成了一股强大的宗教般的信念，释放出一种无坚不摧的心理能量。贝鲁奇主演的《西西里的美丽传说》在完美地诠释这种力量。 男孩终于和曼根姐姐说上了话，女孩告诉他将有一个阿拉比集市，男孩答应去集市给她稍件儿礼物。周六晚上，男孩终于等到健忘的叔父回到家才拿到一点钱乘火车去阿拉比集市。然而奇怪的是，这辆"专列"却空无一人。到了阿拉比，集市已临近打烊，男孩无聊、沮丧地呆了一会儿，I heard a voice call from one end of the gallery that the light was out. The upper part of the hall was now completely dark. Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eys burned with anguish and anger. 是梦就总有清醒的时候，本以为可圆梦的阿拉比，现实却将男孩从云端扯下来。他面前的阿拉比是昏暗的大厅，媚俗的挂灯，门卫般的水缸，听到的是硬币掉落在盘子里的声响，看到的是女售货员与男青年的调情景象。此前他当然没有《围城》中方鸿渐似的担心：写好信发出(给唐晓芙)，他总担心这信像火箭，到落地时，火已熄灭了，对方收到的只是一段枯炭。然而阿拉比给他带来的就是"一段枯炭"。《圣经》当中说 All is vanity. 那么现实中很多东西都是短暂的，人们必将"从尘土中来到尘土中去。"只有精神世界才具有永恒的意义和价值，小说结尾的男孩面对"黑暗"，迷失了精神指引的方向。从这个层面上讲，信仰价值存在着，但是它并不容易被捕捉到。理想破灭必然有很多客观的因素，然而主观上被称之为puppy love 的年少时爱慕被男孩误当作理想的，恒久的，宗教般的信念。其实人短暂的一生，我们无时无刻不在理想与现实中挣扎，即使在物欲横流的今天，人们也不会放弃精神指向犹如"紫萝花瞬息万变" 的苍穹，从失乐园到复乐园。最后还想说的是，初见"意识流"端倪的《都柏林人》让我们看到了一代文学宗师乔伊斯的无穷风采，其语言的运用完全可以用惊艳来形容。在1998年美国兰登书屋评选的20世纪100部最佳小说中，乔伊斯三部作品入围，而名动天下的《尤利西斯》更是独占鳌头。因此本博强烈建议大家阅读乔伊斯的原著，体会语言的原汁原味。这里提供《都柏林人》的英文版下载。 -
1 《姐妹们》宗教、信仰及其幻灭，冷漠，呆滞2 《偶遇》少年与老年，人生各个阶段的断裂，潜藏在心中的变态3 《阿拉比》爱的虚妄，虚荣心，冲动4 《伊芙琳》爱的虚妄，自己与责任的冲突，责任与感情，意志力之不可避免的软弱5 《车赛以后》虚荣，庸俗，“欢乐”的虚伪，市侩的拜物教6 《两个浪子》年轻的荒诞，空虚，卑俗，漠不关心，人与人相互的欺骗与蔑视，寻求意义7 《寄寓》爱的虚妄，市侩的婚姻与欲望，阴谋，生活的空虚本质8 《一朵浮云》人的改变，友情中的虚荣与真相，贫富之间的矛盾心态，自负与自恋，自视清高与理想9 《无独有偶》麻木，异化，沉沦到不能自拔，令人悲哀的恶性循环10 《土》可爱的人们的无奈的生命，泪水中响起爱尔兰民歌11 《悲痛的往事》孤独，精神与爱与什么是爱，自责，中年人对于人生的检视12 《纪念日，在委员会办公室》爱尔兰的政治，理想与现实，历史与现在，崇高与委琐13 《母亲》虚伪，市侩，吝啬与贪婪，卑俗14 《圣恩》宗教的虚伪，咬伤舌头也许象征在宗教性的社会环境压力下的失语，爱尔兰的宗教，严肃与无聊15 《死者》爱的真实与虚妄，欢乐的真与假，人与人的真诚与逢场作戏，庸俗，冷漠，无聊，尴尬，情面，死亡，死亡与爱，死亡与所有人（作为必然，作为苦，作为罪的罚，作为仅仅是一个结束），死亡与生 -
“The Dead”What I have done and left undone hardly mattered. Success is unimportant and failure amounts to nothing. Life is insignificant and death of little consequence.------------- William Somerset Maugham"The Dead" is the final short story in the 1914 collection Dubliners by James Joyce. It is the longest story in the collection and is often considered the best of Joyce's shorter works. At 15,672 words it has also been considered a novella. The story centers on Gabriel Conroy on the night of the Morkan sisters' annual dance and dinner in the first week of January, 1904, perhaps the Feast of the Epiphany (January 6). Typical of the stories in Dubliners, "The Dead" develops toward a moment of painful self-awareness; Joyce described this as an epiphany. The narrative generally concentrates on Gabriel's insecurities, his social awkwardness, and the defensive way he copes with his discomfort. The story culminates at the point when Gabriel discovers that, through years of marriage, there was much he never knew of his wife's past.Upon arriving at the party with his wife, Gabriel makes an unfunny joke about the maid's marriage prospects, after which he fidgets, adjusts his clothing, and offers her money as a holiday present. Not long after that, he gets flustered again when his wife pokes fun at him over a conversation they had earlier, in which he had suggested buying a pair of galoshes for the bad weather. With such episodes, Gabriel is depicted as particularly pathetic. Similarly, Gabriel is unsure about quoting a poem from the poet Robert Browning when he is giving his dinner address, as he is afraid to be seen as pretentious. But at the same time, Gabriel considers himself above the others when he considers that the audience would not understand the words he uses.Later in the evening, when giving the traditional holiday toast in front of the guests, Gabriel overcompensates for some of his earlier statements to his evening dancing partner Miss Ivors, who is an Irish nationalist. His talk relies heavily on conventions, and he praises the virtues of the Irish people and idealizes the past in a way that feels contrived and disingenuous (especially considering what the past will mean to him once he hears his wife's story).When preparing to leave the party, Gabriel sees his wife, Gretta, on the stairs, absorbed in thought. He stares at her for a moment before he recognizes her as his wife. He then imagines her as the model in a painting called "Distant Music". Her distracted, wistful mood arouses sexual interest in him. He tries indirectly to confront her about it after the party in the hotel room he has reserved for them, but he finds her unresponsive. Trying to make ironic, half-suggestive comments to his wife, Gabriel learns that she was feeling nostalgic after having heard Mr. D'Arcy singing The Lass of Aughrim at the party.Upon being pressed further, Gretta tells Gabriel that the song had reminded her of the time when she was a young girl in Galway, when she had been in love with a young boy named Michael Furey. At the time, Gretta was being kept at her grandmother's home before she was to be sent off to a convent in Dublin. Michael, being terribly sick, was ordered to remain bedridden and was unable to see her. Despite being sick, when it came time for her to leave Galway, Michael travelled through the rain to Gretta's window, and although he got to speak with her again, he ended up dying within the week.The remainder of the text delves into Gabriel's thoughts after he hears this story, exploring his shifting views on himself, his wife, the past, on the living and the dead. It is ambiguous whether the epiphany is just an artistic and emotional moment or whether Gabriel will ever manage to escape his smallness and insecurity.Such synopsis above about The dead is taken from Wikipedia.AnalysisIn the dead, Gabriel Conroy’s restrained behavior and his reputation mark him a man of authority and caution, but two encounters with women at the party challenge his confidence, thus leading to his unmeasured response and loss of control later.When he sees Gretta transfixed by the music at the end of the party, Gabriel yearns intensely to have control of her strange feelings. Though Gabriel remembers their romantic courtship and is overcome with attraction for Gretta, this attraction is rooted not in love but strangely in his desire to control her.At the hotel, Gabriel grows irritated by Gretta’s behavior. She does not seem to share his romantic inclinations, and in fact bursts into tears. Then Gretta confesses that he was thinking a former lover who died after waiting outsider of her window in the cold when she was lost in the song from the party. And then Gretta later falls asleep, but Gabriel remains awake, disturbed by Gretta’s new information.After Gretta fall asleep, Gabriel curls up on the bed, and his final encounter with her confess ultimately make his unease culminates in his tense and at the same time forces him to confront his stony view of the world as well as contemplate his own morality. He has never been “master” and he now that another man preceded him in Gretta’s life. He feels sadness rather than simply jealousy because Michel Furey once felt an aching love that himself has never known and maybe never experienced.Reflecting on his own life, he felt that life is short and far from his control. And those who leave the world like Michael Furey, with great passion, in fact live more fully than people like himself.“Yes, the newspapers were right: snow was general all over Ireland. It was falling on every part of the dark central plain, on the treeless hills, falling softly upon the Bog of Allen and, farther westward, softly falling into the dark mutinous Shannon waves. It was falling, too, upon every part of the lonely churchyard on the hill where Michael Furey lay buried.” We maybe a shadow of whoever but ourselves in the world and cannot find out what make ourselves unique , living in a world in which the living and the death met, truth and lies mixed and sincerity and hypocrisy collide. Once we may thought that life can be divided to past of the dead and the present of the living, and the later must be of more importance. Now you will recognize that such division is of no significance. As we look outside the window we imagine what covering the ancestors’ grave will someday just as it covers those people still living, as well as the entire world. One by one , we were all becoming shade. Better pass boldly into that other world, in the full glory of some passion, than fade and wither dismally with age.And what is death? Michael Furey’s is dead at 17 but he is still living in somewhere in his lover’s heart. And as for us, we will eventually join the death and will not be remembered without changes deeply in our souls and spirits. But we still have time and chance to change our attitude and embrace life and our dreams, luckily. Deadening routines we may faces everyday like the horse that circles around and around the mill in Gabriel’s anecdote, these Dubliners settle into an expected routine at this party. We are unable to break from the routines we know, so we live life without new experience and eventually numb to the world. We must no longer live in the past and should embrace the present. Both the dead and the living should no longer unit in frozen paralysis. Free our minds and live unfettered by deadening routines, the paralysis cannot last forever as well as the unusual snow in Ireland in the novel.
精彩短评 (总计50条)
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最爱短篇小说集，喜欢“阿尔比”和“死者”。 -
虽然纸张泛黄，有些地方比较模糊，但是属这个版本翻译得好；此类小说以人物的心理刻画为主，走意识流路线。讲的都是生活中的那些小人物，故事虽轻，但描写细腻。 -
很久以前看的。每一篇都有一个意外的结局。乔伊斯真是技巧帝！！！ -
路上看了很久的一本书。非常喜欢《悲痛的往事》和《死者》（尤其是结尾那段惊艳到了）。 -
乔伊斯虽说写的是都柏林人，实际上那么柔软，细致的心理刻画是超越国界的共鸣情感，唉，文学只能让人清醒又略带点苦涩地活着！
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看的是武汉大学出版社版本，可能是翻译问题，决定看一遍上海译文出版社出版的。大概是生活阅历不够，对乔伊斯其他的著作也没阅读过，所以并不能很好理解，共鸣很难达成。一定会再看一遍的。等我看完《如何阅读一本书》之后 -
乔伊斯：‘我的目标是要为祖国写一章精神史。我选择都柏林作为背景，因为在我看来，这城市乃是麻痹的中心。’ -
图书馆里很旧的书。从幼时写到老年。这本集子是由好几个人翻译的。前几篇都起来很流畅，很符合中文的顺序和习惯，很舒服。 -
不错 -
没有什么传统意义上的小说结尾，但每篇都让人置身场景。让我真正理解了过程即目的。 -
早期翻译得特别好 -
伟大的文学作品...可惜我已经忘得差不多了，唉...深感智商着急 -
幼年時期面對死亡的懵懂無知， 以為逝者會復生。 少年時期對愛慕對象所表現出的渴望被認同。青年時期對實現理想的憧憬與面對現實的無能為力。中年時期面對窘迫生活的困厄無助。老年時期對過往的留戀， 對死亡的不可置否。整部短篇小說猶如一個輪迴， 死亡始終直面著每一個人， 而每一個人都終將面對， 走往彼岸。 -
《伊芙琳》和《纪念日，在委员办公室》最能打动我，前一篇是关于这想挣脱又不舍的人生，后一篇把小人物油滑调侃背后的辛酸写到了极致。 -
青年乔伊斯沉稳而富有才情的笔调，与《阿拉比》《一朵浮云》《死者》产生共鸣，《死者》的结尾十页左右是全书最精彩的部分，文字细腻且极富画面感，一对夫妻参加晚宴归来的途中，一股浓酽的柔情涌上丈夫胸口并缓缓漫延，当他们二人回到旅馆房间时，沉默的妻子却突然向他讲起一个年轻时的恋人，一个死去的青年。雪在这样的夜晚无声地飘落，“雪花微微地穿过宇宙在飘落，微微地，如同他们最终的结局那样，飘落到所有的生者和死者身上”。 -
杰出的心理描写，展现人类真实的生活图景。原来批判揭露一个社会的麻木不只有鲁迅式的方法。 -
重读《死者》 -
《死者》的大雪和《百年孤独》的大雨 -
第一篇好，美，二三四一般，放到今天看真的有点过时了 -
复调
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《阿拉比》《死者》 -
作家的卑微与伤感一直在其中游动。 -
比起近幾年出的版本，更喜歡這本的風格。雖然確實有些地方譯錯了但整體真心棒。 -
现代人群像 -
上世纪80年代末读到此书，对其中一篇印象特别深刻。 -
行色匆匆，很有逼格 -
翻译的毫无感觉 -
翻译真不错 -
学校图书馆/初读无感，渐渐融进氛围。感觉更像是都柏林的风俗人物志吧，形形色色的人物。最喜欢最后一篇《死者》，他爱着怜悯着那个并非是当初那个病弱的少年为之献出生命的面容。 -
太棒了！用来写毕业论文 《悲痛的往事》《死者》 旧书的翻译真好 -
我喜欢一遍一遍的读 -
雨、雪、天主教徒、新教徒、英国国王、黑啤酒、小酒馆、随时都会身无分文的酒徒、雨雾蒙蒙夜里街上的行人、无爱的婚姻中的女性 -
来爱尔兰买的第一本书 -
乔伊斯时代都柏林的镜像 -
在下雨天读完。爱尔兰真冷啊。最后的雪大概是纷纷扬扬的灵魂吧。 -
整个爱尔兰都在下雪
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整个爱尔兰都在下雪。 -
《偶遇》《阿拉比》《伊芙琳》，短篇中的短篇，神作。 -
简单的故事，非常细致地写出氛围来，好得令人绝望。有几篇需要一再重读。 -
总觉得故事情节比较难以抓住我，不过大概能感受到都柏林人的空虚与麻木。 -
没读完。这该是手边常备书吧慢慢看. -
又是意识流，我艹 -
爱尔兰，欧洲的第三世界 “我的祖国已经让我厌烦了，厌烦了！” -
短篇集必读，最佳译本。 -
就是这一本，书摊两块钱淘的，已经忘了写的是什么，需要再读一遍 -
把人物精神解剖出来，够深刻，却不够犀利。翻译佳。 -
一个又一个的故事，时间的流逝折射出一个民族的历程，作者用这本等待着他所热爱的爱尔兰的新生。 -
好吧，没看懂 -
挺有味道的小说，想看很久了。给四星是因为之前的期待值太高，换作不是乔伊斯说不定会有个五星。有些小说让你欢喜让你爱，有些却会让你害怕让你冷。《都柏林人》越细看会越冷。 -
配合着英文版又读了一遍，比大一的时候感触多多了...