《包豪斯：大师和学生们》章节试读

《包豪斯：大师和学生们》的笔记-第12页 - 包豪斯的历史背景

包豪斯的前身是亨利·凡·德·威尔德创办的魏玛工艺美术学校。
亨利·凡·德·威尔德曾经在比利时和法国工作过，之后在1902年应渴望改进其产品的当地政府而前往魏玛。该政府是地区政府-图林根州，图林根州的首府就是魏玛。1907年魏玛工艺美术学校成立，威尔德任校长，学校坐落在他亲自设计的大楼内。
1907年德国AEG公司人名彼得·贝伦斯作为公司的高级设计师，在入职之前他是杜塞尔多夫艺术学院的校长。
魏玛工艺美术学校在一战期间被关闭。继承者有3个候选人奥古斯特·安德尔（August·Endell）、（Hermann·Obrist） （Walter Gropius ）
格罗庇乌斯在1910年的莱茵河畔的小镇（Alfred）阿尔弗雷德设计的法古斯鞋楦工厂1914年为德意志工业同盟设计的办公大楼和厂房模型。

《包豪斯：大师和学生们》的笔记-第25页

谈及艺术相信更多的人首先会想到绘画雕塑，戏剧，其次是文学，音乐……其实，有谁知道“建筑”是八大艺术之首，又多少人知道，绘画和雕塑最早都是依附于建筑的。就像书中讲到格罗皮乌斯：“作为一名建筑师，格罗皮乌斯相信建筑在所有视觉艺术中是至高无上的，因为建筑体现了绘画，雕塑和手工艺的完美结合。”

《包豪斯：大师和学生们》的笔记-第26页 - 第一时期 魏玛时期(1919-1925)

学生和老师并非是为人熟知的那样，教师被称为“大师”学生则根据他们的成就等级被分为学徒工（apprentice）或熟练工（journeyman），包豪斯本身不组织考试，而是由被合法化的当地行会来考察学徒是否有资格被提升为熟练工或者大师。
包豪斯课程最新颖的地方——初步课程（preliminary course）它主要包括基本工艺和与艺术相关的基础知识：色彩 图形、纹理、成分等等，初步课程是由伊顿（Johannes Itten）设计并由其担任主讲
伊顿信奉“拜火教”(Mazdaznan)
伊顿离开包豪斯之后由纳吉（Moholy Nagy）和阿尔伯斯（Josef Albers）接管其工作.
伊顿 康定斯基 保尔·克利是包豪斯最早聘请的三位老师！
费宁格（Lyonel Feininger）（Gerhard Marcks） （Lothar Schreyer） 、（George Muche）
Gerhard Marcks (February 18, 1889 – November 13, 1981) was a German artist, known primarily as asculptor, but who is also known for his drawings, woodcuts, lithographs and ceramics.
在这里讲到了 他是一个多才多艺的艺术家！最著名的雕塑
Background
Marcks was born in Berlin, where, at age 18, he worked as an apprentice to German sculptor Richard Scheibe. In 1914, he married Maria Schmidtlein, with whom he would raise six children. During World War I, he served in the German army, which resulted in long term health problems.
With architect Walter Gropius (who would later be the founder of the Bauhaus school in Weimar), Lyonel Feininger, Scheibe and others, Marcks was a member of two art-related political groups, the Novembergruppe (November Group) and the Arbeitsrat für Kunst (Workers Council for Art). He was also affiliated with the Deutscher Werkbund, of which Gropius was a founding member.
Bauhaus master
In 1919, when Gropius founded the Bauhaus, Marcks was one of the first three faculty members to be hired, along with Feininger and Johannes Itten. Specifically, Marcks was appointed the Formmeister (Form Master) of the school’s Pottery Workshop, which was located not in Weimar but in an annex to the school in nearby Dornburg. The other teacher in that workshop, its Lehrmeister (Crafts Master) was Master Potter Max Krehan, the last of a long line of potters, whose workshop was in Dornburg. Krehan taught the students to throw pots on the wheel, to trim and glaze them, and to fire the kiln. Marcks, in addition to duties in Weimar, taught the history of the practice, encouraged experimentation, and sometimes decorated pots.
Earlier, Marcks had made the models for a series of animal sculptures, which were reproduced in China by a porcelain factory. His interest in animal forms is reflected in the work he made for his first Bauhaus portfolio (Neue Europaeische Graphik I), such as Die Katzen ("The Cats") and Die Eule("The Owl"), both woodcuts. In time, his focus shifted to the human figure, and it was this subject that continued to hold his attention for the rest of his life.